I looked to Jesus, and I found Matthew 13:2: And great multitudes were gathered together unto him, so that he went into a ship, and sat; and the . I am not simply claiming that because of the Old Testaments use we should therefore ignore the face value meaning of gnashing ones teeth. What is weeping and gnashing of teeth? jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); But why would hell entail anger (or hatred)? Do you take it so seriously that you are looking for opportunitie Take some time today to consider the reality of hell. Hell, Dieric Bouts (circa 1420-1475) The New Testament expression "there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth" is a puzzling one, and one which has engendered fear into generations of believers. In Christianity, the "exterior darkness" or outer darkness is a place referred to three times in the Gospel of Matthew (8:12, 22:13, and 25:30) into which a person may be "cast out", and where there is "weeping and gnashing of teeth".Generally, the outer darkness is thought to be hell; however, many Christians associate the outer darkness more generally as a place of separation from God or . Have opened their mouths wide against you; Surely this is the day for which we waited; Gnashing of teeth In rage against the righteous. Believe! See also [ edit] Bruxism Further reading [ edit] Outer darkness is a place of violent fury. It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth When it comes to my sound which is the champion sound Believe! Matthew 8:12 GOD'S WORD Translation (GW) 12 The citizens of that kingdom will be thrown outside into the darkness. And how does he describe that process? There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when you shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out. R.C. Hell is self-pitying, self-righteous anger, stretching on into eternity. 2. WYC and they shall send them into the chimney of fire; there shall be weeping and beating together of teeth. Gnashing () of teeth () appears several times in the Old Testament, including three mentions in Psalms, one in Job and one in Lamentations. the final fate of unredeemed in the Bible, cannot be annihilation because the Bible describes hell as an unspeakable state of unimaginable suffering that causes weeping and gnashing of teeth.4 John Piper, The Echo and Insufficiency of Hell, [presentation] Resolved Conference, Palm Springs, CA, June 16, 2008,https://www.desiringgod.org/messages/the-echo-and-the-insufficiency-of-hell (accessed September 3, 2018). "weeping" AND "and" AND "gnashing" AND "of" AND "teeth" primary search results are listed below along with dictionary aides, FAQs, and Lexiconc. NASB and they will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Such a person could quite possibly even die in that context. Because the other three references are part of parables, as opposed to didactic teaching or explanations of parables, there is some ambiguity involved. Now, I myself think it makes more sense within the broader conditionalist framework for there not to be any extended time of suffering and weeping and gnashing of teeth in hell after the judgment. with Glenn Peoples and Chris Date. shows the powerful working of the word, by the parable of the grain of mustard seed, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, NT Gospels: Luke 13:28 There will be weeping and gnashing (Luke Lu Lk). Matthew 13:49-50 " So it will be at the end of the age. God is my Helper; therefore, I will not be afraid. I need You, Holy Spirit. Burn (2618) katakaio, sermonindex.net, n.d., http://www.sermonindex.net/modules/articles/index.php?view=article&aid=33662, http://en.katabiblon.com/us/index.php?text=LXX&book=Ex&ch=3, Exegesis Interrupted: A Critique of Stand To Reasons Article Hell Interrupted, Part 2, Episode 115: The Precious Blood of Christ: A Response to James White, 5 Flossing Mistakes You Didnt Know About, The Many And Varied Problems With The Modern Metaphorical View Of Eternal Conscious Hell., Necrophobia! It would be so difficult to watch someone else in his position doing what he used to do, getting the promotion he could have gotten, achieving the greatness he should have achieved. That stands in contrast to the righteous, who will "shine like the sun in the kingdom." As in Daniel 12, at the end the faithful who side with God become like a shining heavenly bodies, whose light will never be extinguished. 2 : to show one is angry, upset, etc. Look up weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. [Hook (x4):] Lamborghini Mercy Your chick she so thirsty I'm in that two seat Lambo With your girl she tryna jerk me [Verse 1: Big Sean] Drop it to the floor New Living Translation "There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth, for you will see Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and all the prophets in the Kingdom of God, but you will be thrown out. For example, R.C. to discern clearly; by extension, to attend to; by Hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear. Conditionalism allows for a time of conscious suffering in hell prior to the final wages of sin, which is death, being paid in full. They gnashed at me with their teeth. Matthew 13:41-42 The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all causes of sin and all law-breakers, and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. This is precisely what Jesus meant when he said, For unto everyone that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance.. jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); But as is so often the case, this belief imposes onto the biblical text more than is there. You cannot do it, nor can you atone for your guilt. Auteur/autrice de la publication : Post published: 16 juin 2022; Post category: . While the word "weeping" by itself occurs 41 times throughout the Bible, the word "gnashing" only appears in conjunction with either the words "weeping" or "wailing". What about when our whole lives are brought into the light, when eternity is at stake? Why would Jesus use this example to depict the unprofitable servant who was kicked out of the business or organization? Put these two terms together and you get a grotesque portrait of humanity. Its pulsing, dactylic meter drives it forwards. It is a weepin' and a moanin' and a gnashin' of teeth. There the gnashing of teeth is perhaps an expression of the futility of the wicked before God's judgment or else a demonstration of their continuing refusal to repent and acknowledge the justness of God's judgment. Weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth. Well, just imagine what this person would feel like after being kicked out for doing a poor job. Think of Jonah, self-righteously waiting for Nineveh to burn, and when its saved he is angry even unto death. (Jonah 4:9). Cause when it comes to my sound, which is the champion sound, believe [me]! Jeremiah 9:17-18 Thus says the Lord of hosts, Stoop down and drink and live. But if it is taken from you, it will be agony to your soul when you see someone else standing in your dream. Now, How many lbs is 39 kg? The specific implications to final judgment have to be read into the passage. His anger has torn me and hunted me down,He has gnashed at me with His teeth;My adversary glares at me. Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. I should note that even if these passages did teach that people in hell are still alive and weeping and gnashing their teeth, that still does not prove eternal torment. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Who could bear for the Judge of all to convict us of utter failure and lay the blame squarely upon us? I am filled with Gods wonderful ideas, and I will do what He has put in my heart. Weeping and Gnashing of Teeth. A grinding or gnashing. Later he would see others doing exactly what he had once been asked to do but what he had refused or failed to do because he was too lazy. And for good measure, the Greek word translated as burned in that passage is the Greek katakai. Crying can even be a sign of happiness, although I dont know if the Greek termklauthmos is as ambiguous as the English, and in context, tears of joy are clearly not in view anyway. and will cut him in pieces and assign him a place with the hypocrites; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth The Bible (Matthew 13:42) says "the furnace of fire. See Hell; Punishment, Everlasting. He goes quickly from brooding to brutality. LSB NET RSV ASV YLT DBY WEB HNV. Weeping, lamentation, crying. gnashing of teeth) is more likely to sound that way when taken at face value. But even today, to those not thinking of hell and eternal torment, the idiom of gnashing ones teeth frequently mimics the Old Testament model of anger. cntrUpTag.track('cntrData', 'e2d0203af72aea64'); And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. If he had been devoured, it was assumed that he had been guilty of the crime of which he had been accused. Jesus says in that place (Greek ekei) there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. But there is no place like a flaming furnace described. The Lord Jesus promised His believers that they would never be cast out (John 6:37, same word . with Glenn Peoples and Chris Date. jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); They would still want the accoutrements of life like they have now on earth, even if they dont want the giver of life. The phrase "gnash the teeth" is found in Acts 7:54, in the story of the stoning of Stephen. He has gnashed at me with His teeth; My adversary glares at me. And in that Light of Life Ill walk The person pronoun of the second person singular; thou. Luke 16:23 And in hell he lift up his eyes, being in torments, and seeth Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom. I also would like to draw attention to Psalm 112:10 above, as the one wicked person who gnashes his teeth, in the same breath, is said to melt away. It may not be justified to say that this passage outright teaches annihilationism, but at the very least, one cannot see a reference to a person gnashing their teeth and assume it is necessarily talking about eternal torment. It says, And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. The word unprofitable is the Greek word achreios, which literally means useless. I Heard the Voice of Jesus Say From hote and an; whenever; also causatively inasmuch as. Clear Advanced Options. Therefore, it is at least a reasonable possibility (even apart from the affirmative case for annihilationism) that that place of weeping and gnashing of teeth is not the fiery furnace (or at least not only the fiery furnace), but the whole judgment scene. Matthew 8:11-12 - "I (Jesus) say to you that many will come from the east and the west, and will take their places at the feast with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven.But the subjects of the kingdom will be thrown outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth." (There are four idioms in those two verses. It is closely connected with the lament Alas! The authorities would tie the suspected criminal with rope and lower him to the base of the city walls during the darkest hours of the night right into the midst of the garbage where the lions roamed every night. More substantial is the reference to gnashing of teeth. Lord, help me understand how to act on the ideas You have placed in my heart. It is likened to Revelation 16:10, when those who will not repent and thus suffer on earth gnaw their tongues in agony. weeping moaning, and gnashing of teeth revelations. Gnashing of teeth: This is consistently a description of anger in Scripture. 30 And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. All rights reserved. Matthew 13:42 Verse Concepts and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all causes of sin and all law-breakers, and throw them into the fiery furnace. Matthew 8:11-12 " I tell you, many will come from east and west and recline at table with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven, 12 while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into the outer darkness. John 8:44 You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father's desires. "Gnashing of teeth" means grinding one's teeth together, having one's teeth set on edge, or biting down in pain, anguish, or anger. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. My thirst was quenched, my soul revived, It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth It is a weeping, and a moaning, and a gnashing of teeth It is -- when it comes to my sound which is the champion sound (swerve) The Word Alive Jhake Currington Jun. The vicious teeth of the Devil's demons attacking the innocent souls. "He hath torn me in his wrath, and persecuted me; He hath gnashed upon me with his teeth: Mine adversary sharpeneth his eyes upon me." Job 16:9 ASV "Wh. All your enemiesHave opened their mouths wide against you;They hiss and gnash their teeth.They say, We have swallowed her up!Surely this is the day for which we waited;We have reached it, we have seen it.. Well, if those who remain apart from Christ to the end are Gods enemies and rebels against him, then it is only reasonable that their anger would be directed at him. and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. His hesitation to act or his laziness prevented him from getting up and putting that idea into action; as a result, the opportunity passed on to someone who was willing to do something with the idea. The wicked are just said to be cast out. For example, we see this in pop culture. Of Hebrew origin; Abraham, the Hebrew patriarch. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. I confess that Im not lazy or afraid to step out in faith. The point is, no one would say that weeping must indicate physical suffering, and I am sure a traditionalist would generally agree that weeping out of grief or stress or negative emotions can work with their view of hell anyway. Revelation 2:7). " King James Version (KJV) < Previous Verse Next Verse > View Chapter Luke 13:28 Context Perhaps you even justify this spiritual sulk by calling it repentance. Weeping and gnashing of teeth would therefore seem to be indicative of sadness and anger. Privacy Policy | Return/Refund Policy. . Do you turn in on yourself? Luke 13:28 - There will be weeping there, and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves thrown out. Then the king told the attendants, 'Tie him up hand and foot, and throw him into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.' Matthew 22:12-13, HCSB (cf 25:28-30) Just as the weeds are gathered and burned with fire, so will it be at the end of the age ain . Some translations say wailing and gnashing of teeth, but the difference is immaterial. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Notice that the master in this parable said, Take therefore the talent from him, and give it unto him which hath ten talents (v. 28). I found in Him a resting-place, Used by permission. Thus, it seems absurd to say that hell is anything but eternal pain and agony in some form or fashion. 2 Thessalonians 1:5 Which is a manifest token of the righteous judgment of God, that ye may be counted worthy of the kingdom of God, for which ye also suffer: Luke 10:15 And thou, Capernaum, which art exalted to heaven, shalt be thrust down to hell. The weeping and gnashing of teeth occur at the time when they are thrown out. When we seek to justify ourselves, even in this life, our failures produce petulant regret and an anger that needs to go somewhere, very often onto others. "There will be weeping there, and gnashing of teeth, when you see Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but you yourselves thrown out. NIV They will throw them into the blazing furnace, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 3. Weary and worn and sad; In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth when you see Abraham and Isaac and Jacob and all the prophets in the kingdom of God, but yourselves being thrown out. The Kingdom of God. Yet the popular reception of the phrase has accommodated both versions: weeping and wailing and gnashing of teeth., Speaking poetically, the form of the saying is very pleasing. Psalm 35:16 King David referring to his enemies: Like godless jesters at a feast. And if death is in view in the parable, then it certainly doesnt sound like eternal torment. If so, it doesnt tell us about the specifics about what will play out in eternity. Eternal duration simply is not in a single use of this phrase. Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Plural. Weeping and Gnashing of Teeth Gene Cunningham - August 22, 2022 Weeping and Gnashing of Teeth Watch Listen The parable of the faithful and evil servants in Matthew 24:45-51 often cause theological problems, because it is commonly mis-interpreted and mis-applied to the church. Weeping and gnashing of teeth indicate great physical pain or turmoil caused externally. Lay it upon Jesus and walk free in Him. 1. It has thus come into familiar use to denote both that garden and the . 2. The residents of the city often dumped their garbage over the top of the walls in certain parts of the city, allowing the trash to fall and build up around the base of the huge stone walls. It would only show that people suffer in hell for some period of time. What did Jesus mean when He instructed us to love our enemies? Rather than throw away more time waiting for an unprofitable, non-productive person to get with the program, a smart employer will take his responsibility from him and give it to someone he knows can get the job done right! From brucho; a grating. In fact, that seems apparent in Luke 13:28. Heck, even a universalist could agree that judgment day would entail weeping and gnashing of teeth, since the passage never says what happens after and therefore never precludes post-mortem repentance and salvation. Dictionary Entries Near gnash one's teeth gnash gnash one's teeth gnat The opportunity can be yours, or it can be taken from you. In once passage, it was God himself who was said to gnash his teeth! There will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!. You. Now when they heard this, they were cut to the quick, and they began gnashing their teeth at him. At the very least, it is worthwhile to see that, while weeping and gnashing of teeth do indicate very negative feelings and experiences, they do not necessarily paint the picture that traditionalists often see with this refrain. (Matthew 13:40). [citation needed] Others,[who?] You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. We thus define the first death: Death is the dissolution of the nature of living beings , or thus: Death is the separation of body and soul. " There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth, when ye shall see Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, and all the prophets, in the kingdom of God, and you yourselves thrust out. It is the cry of the hopeless (Revelation 5:4) and yet, through the triumph of Jesus, His people will be brought to the place where we weep not! There will be no such weeping in the new heavens and new earth (Isaiah 65:19). I think the point is just that they dont get to be part of the good thing, which fits annihilationism just as well as eternal torment. We see this on multiple occasions, in Matthew 8 . jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });5 Robert Peterson, A Traditionalist Response to John Stotts Arguments for Annihilationism, Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 27 no. If you do nothing with the abilities and opportunities God gives you, you can be certain that those privileged opportunities for success will pass to someone who is willing to do something with them. I am not hesitant or fearful but rather bold, courageous, and ready to go! He directs my mind; He guides my steps; and His Word lights my path before me. I came to Jesus, and I drank Behold, I freely give I dont want to be like the unprofitable servant who was thrown into outer darkness and experienced weeping and gnashing of teeth. The concept of being hurled into "outer darkness," along with "weeping and gnashing of teeth," is a common expression used by Jesus to describe God's eternal judgment (Matthew 8:12; 13:42, 50; 24:51; 25:30). It simply is not there, and is merely assumed by those who come to the text already believing that people are alive forever in hell (so of course whatever is said to happen there happens forever). It can also convey negative emotions such as grief or stress. Sproul recognizes that the gnashing of teeth, as we see in the New Testament, is often associated with hatred10R.C. as they are tortured by the Devil in Hell. Seeing as how Jesus is not only describing the fiery furnace of hell but also the judgment scene entirely, it is not clear that the place where the weeping and gnashing of teeth takes place is specifically hellfire. If we havent sought to lay our sins on Jesus, we bear the burden ourselves and its too much for us. Think of Saul, again we see someone rejected after offering the wrong sacrifices. The reason that references to weeping and gnashing are incorrectly believed to indicate eternal torment, which will be addressed and disproved below, are as follows: Although the question of eternality (addressed below) really is more significant, it is worthwhile to nail down what is meant by weeping and gnashing of teeth at least to the extent possible. Although I do not believe the unrepentant would ever want God for God himself, they certainly will not want to die with no hope of ever coming back.13For more on how much people really do fear death, see Rethinking Hell podcast Episode 50: Necrophobia! One persons face value reading is not necessarily the same as someone elses. Perhaps from the base of esthio; a 'tooth'. What is that place? The only location mentioned is really the good place, the table with the patriarchs. Were just supposed to see that the wicked will be cut off from Gods kingdom and will be distraught as a result. There is no place in the sense of a final abode for the wicked that is even shown. How to Add or Remove Contacts from Kids Messenger Account ; Step #1. More insights from your Bible study - Get Started with Logos Bible Software for Free! The wicked will see it and be vexed,He will gnash his teeth and melt away;The desire of the wicked will perish. His opponents have been gnashing their teeth in/with frustration since he won the election. Again, this is a place of weeping and gnashing of teeth. What did Jesus mean when He instructed us hate our father and mother (Luke 14:26). jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });11Of course hatred and anger are not literally the same thing, but for our purposes here they are close enough. If you have truly repented of your past actions, Jesus has forgiven you. When time it comes to my sound, which is the champion sound. Lamentations says, of the Babylonian occupiers of Jerusalem, " ," "They hiss ( can also mean to weep) and gnash their teeth". From basileus; properly, royalty, i.e. barra conversion kits patrol. Slectionner une page. jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_12768_1_16').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_12768_1_16', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });The passage that described a bush that burned but did not burn up specifically says that the bush was notburned in the sense of katakai, which is the way that tares are burned up and that, in like manner, so it will be at the end of the age.. After all, assuming for our purposes that there is a raging fire that the unredeemed are cast into, even if those cast into it are consumed and burned up, there still will be weeping and gnashing of teeth until that final moment when they pass away for good. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. So many people have had great ideas, but because they pondered the idea for too long without acting on it, someone else finally came up with the same idea and then went out and did something about it! Alternatively, if it just means the servant is badly injured, then the place he is cast, where there is weeping and gnashing of teeth, is somewhere a badly injured man is thrown into. Or maybe he is eventually let back in when he learns his lesson, which would correspond to Christian universalism. by | Jun 29, 2022 | sullivan county arrests october 2020 | san diego mission bay restaurants | Jun 29, 2022 | sullivan county arrests october 2020 | san diego mission bay restaurants In all three instances, the phrase "outer darkness" is further described as being a place of "weeping and gnashing of teeth.". Again, I dont think the point is to dig that much into details. Some annihilationists say that the phrase weeping and gnashing of teeth is really a reference to being angry and therefore it means the people are just angry. Please give me wisdom and courage to step out and begin to fulfill the dream You birthed so deeply inside my soul. These passages do not plainly refer to an eternal process of continuation duration. Without, outside. There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth ( Matthew 24:51 ). The wicked are compared to tares that are thrown into a fire. It is thought to derive from a logion in the hypothetical Q source, which yielded Matthew 8:12 and Luke 13:28. And who no have teeth gwan rub pon them gums cause. Colossians 1:28, 2023 Rick Renner Ministries. Take a second to support Rethinking Hell on Patreon! God has given you gifts, callings, and dreams to fulfill. To know that all of this could have been his if he hadnt forfeited it through his own wrong attitude and laziness that would be agony for anyone! Scripture taken from the NEW AMERICAN STANDARD BIBLE, Copyright 1960,1962,1963,1968,1971,1972,1973,1975,1977,1995 by The Lockman Foundation. Im just saying that if we do dig in deeper, it isnt necessarily the big help traditionalists might expect. This term describes things that burn up completely, such as books thrown into a fire (Acts 19:19) or chaff which quickly burns up (Luke 3:17). . Like godless jesters at a feast,They gnashed at me with their teeth. Jesus, in explaining the meaning of the parable (not just in the parable itself), describes how angels will cast the wicked into the fire. It is a fact that in New Testament times, almost every large city had huge stone city walls that protected the city from intruders and from lions who roamed the countryside. There they will cry and make a noise with their teeth. and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
Was William Hamleigh A Real Person,
Andorian Ale Vs Romulan Ale,
Articles W