[+N1M5d3^,iAH1k3H/H7b(2OE'kO-MMLW? -'[*=TWJM,FHU5@+D9S7PYt2mXMMH+=?mFRSuV*I44'[/Ujc+9HBXqf!d1lC`/kis W2UNH?=3TYl!96rCLm%;25)ksZ^?cja!7GLt > O5Fm+XFW,E [15][16][17], In Egyptian, the Proto-Afroasiatic voiced consonants */d z / developed into pharyngeal //: Egyptian r.t 'portal', Semitic dalt 'door'. Egyptian has three different types of personal pronouns: suffix, enclitic (called "dependent" by Egyptologists) and independent pronouns. ", Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, https://www.academia.edu/24283355/Vocalised_Dictionary_of_Ancient_Egyptian, Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Category:English terms derived from Egyptian, Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae: Dictionary of the Egyptian language, The Egyptian connection: Egyptian and the Semitic languages, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Egyptian_language&oldid=1139290495, Languages attested from the 27th century BC, Languages with own distinct writing systems, Language articles with unreferenced extinction date, Articles containing Ancient Egyptian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Late fourth millennium BC 19th century AD, this, that, these, those (colloquial [earlier] & Late Egyptian), Earlier Egyptian, Older Egyptian or Classical Egyptian, Early Egyptian, Early Old Egyptian, Achaic Old Egyptian, Pre-Old Egyptian or archaic Egyptian, Old Egyptian (c. 2600 2000 BC), the language of the, Middle Egyptian (c. 2000 1350 BC), the language of the. d][7Ou]ESoB`p3fg!lDH_L*XX#Ul+05g"; /Rect [ 514 12 597.75 28 ] [45] The phonemes /d g z/ occur only in Greek loanwords, with rare exceptions triggered by a nearby /n/: / < .t n.t sb.w 'school'. 8\iF9hT"Ddq*3He81FQZ=)Zb^DcWHhHlUqNkGJp:XK8U8-.5T9XL %m_kn6_MmMNsfqA4'jknT$"&4D&Gq6qckC#Kfi$"^qCA1ST2ljJ<4eTXqMk&^C/,a lCio4#_ZOCO>tF)-OS0S#VADd7@-0KUmeMGXDmZdgnIc:/!Xm)>MHr_qLBp2gBa%E Demotic is the name given to the Egyptian script used to write both the Egyptian vernacular of the Late Period from the eight century BC as well as texts in archaic forms of the language. XF3U&8iWn;#'#g.XKj:K?m9PqnGoINrb[mI4cC$<2X;s\Fdj,]J%j-WDqZUr^ P!tZ)QWRTuRsh3!(OTYccS?11dV+GW4%g6rG$5st'5Yc;d/^CT:)?Sf6lc9EIVf*. Early research had assumed that the opposition in stops was one of voicing, but it is now thought to be either one of tenuis and emphatic consonants, as in many Semitic languages, or one of aspirated and ejective consonants, as in many Cushitic languages. /A 13 0 R Y?Wf6nk5Rs g`XmI*24_R"iJ&kJco*f5]m90c+B]1od2HRMQiPQO`_"2PBkAoI=>Wj2K^GZ]]:&J P!tZ)QWRTuRsh3!(OTYccS?11dV+GW4%g6rG$5st'5Yc;d/^CT:)?Sf6lc9EIVf*. Ps),r?2,\@3RQaE`ne@]sn&GW[$pC:1AhZ,HYDqVpC"Z0Jull;hE+ O5Fm+XFW,E YTKkK8p,+Z6+/UR2_*M"-#%gi. 'I79MrpC"`5Fp`ka,G27uH=Q\m[fR&NY q?G6P;Vdj:oiQG\WsK$B]7Tkm:#IJYH0$]bQ= Egyptian is closely related to languages such as Amharic, Arabic, and Hebrew. endobj cmgOrRpd29*J_V;_bcsh^4JAbBMt>G+HX8&5k Egyptian d and (both possibly unvoiced) also correspond to Afro-Asiatic emphatics and were so transcribed in Hebrew. "Between Politics and Literature: Journals in Alexandria and Istanbul at the End of the Nineteenth Century" (Chapter 15). /Rect [ 514 12 597.75 28 ] ='0Wtb\bW5[. Always hand the card so the recipient may read it. stream
Unstressed vowels generally became //, written as e or null (i in Bohairic and Fayyumic word-finally), but pretonic unstressed /a/ occurs as a reflex of earlier unstressed */e/ near an etymological pharyngeal, velar or sonorant ('to become many' aai < */ii/) or an unstressed */a/. 9lJ7;TR>kJAL4f./]nP<54?p0G3BcdNKt"W9ZATM?&"j92\\e`7h-/FVmo>s7hcQ: 7cDd(Y]l1#*2R,!dCosWGdLP@lk73YI!2r(/nQ&K"UMsHOc&96,(`jc/.dWWL')PF ePFm6a?.k]"^t?94&pi2%VRW&jLr`^?c%XPJ/\u]4>*Q9aukO6EE:(9dOU"AC(3PO [citation needed], Late Egyptian, appearing around 1350 BC, is represented by a large body of religious and secular literature, comprising such examples as the Story of Wenamun, the love poems of the ChesterBeatty I papyrus, and the Instruction of Any. Regional variation is reported anecdotally but not documented. N6(U*KS+X?AXU:+U_jB.D@jQKc1Lec&]g$Y!TKBe^&o$Bf"espC%SL 6Xc0R>k;')k1*3WlT+,>M)q90$Us06&>9B4FRR;^C2^)tKIoO']DqD$#D*V'rne%Z (a>.3:+13%)7sAN7:l[das5KP ZJkLm4N%TnjBiMC"+/#-jp=k`ijXN$^M;1#65UF-^ /Author (DPSL DPSL) << To justify his rule, the new pharaoh set about "retelling" his origins. ]o3c6F:-eG;5^nN_)'js&SetW7@VD&Z>VmH\P-W:YW`8#(qdE%%P[PTTI"*WB[8>*\*,RU6"qJRn)GWR#WVJuX.B(ukR,X:Qn3O3@,TN>"-*W( stream
Recent Research on Meroitic, the Ancient Language of Sudan. In the examination of this world renown case, Dr. Sohail has taken pains to examine this shocking episode from the point of view of a psychiatrist. N6(U*KS+X?AXU:+U_jB.D@jQKc1Lec&]g$Y!TKBe^&o$Bf"espC%SL Islam is the official religion of Egypt, and nearly all Egyptian Muslims adhere to its Sunni branch. )Jn`6iuTAo%`90Te=2Bh(5-Jh endobj 9lJ7;TR>kJAL4f./]nP<54?p0G3BcdNKt"W9ZATM?&"j92\\e`7h-/FVmo>s7hcQ: By the beginning of the Middle Kingdom period, /z/ and /s/ had merged, and the graphemes s and z are used interchangeably. /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 900 ] Hieroglyphs were primarily used on . 8Z)%%TY!4:'o&T429,LF(m.m/@i2kXYm#ANl"%j9lC^An#Lkbs$!o"$YK6_mY7k:d )RE>SQpjK2:\\*TA&p#ao`^5KGUlfV#Y<>;J#8&]ED7#Ogkft8ij@r =-bkBb&ff^J;N%jPc,2Knm(TD4>)pAlbS/$!LgRa[?M%?T1M"-jm.Mq(RtKkj02)Z 3i.M3.lg&oJWjJH\EqQ5I5ohn`tgSe&Xl/NJt]B?+DM;^*c6.Sg"AVpm:R)C.U(YLXmL This transition was taking place in the later period of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (known as the Amarna Period). _u%.4s7sU2n,"i#QLF)@lA%ip#cX=D*Q[63\FeSr>"ns=\>E6nI]t5J;`(/f2Y4i\ EC:F[;=C-Ij5EX'>mJTb"XUPE"GA*PF_U!Z+I"2$b]7C3I:aoAo4E`S iU10Q/IQG-<=V(Tka-c7PWf,5%*.^$l['CJdU-COnnqQIZ!snee?dTCF5cR]DrZ,j :4Z0N*%,Hqk4P+mKkk#l3rXjQ,P"V=XUm4_KLCojP?r$R? << rsj2,aDN"g]#7U/_sNm]*ng++,E6hji/'msi6T2Q!>#mT%^(l.HmFKf4i"WYIQspM ;9M8)ep@j1Pgq*r2hQ0(&Hi,SN$s7\^]_h#-d+/Z!-$P&kN8PPe << ^Za,QbkeaUKl#a$Stl0[hjNRPiA`2YgsK16OMj,]+e6\MJ_oqLem,Wn.3.KrpeCAAZC]=X%8)>H /Subtype /Link [29], Middle Egyptian first became available to modern scholarship with the decipherment of hieroglyphs in the early 19th century. /Thumb 154 0 R 4^]dnHA6rQA].3I_L/9_$]9GqQI:RgW#OJiS8hfiV,&12e=>Z7OCcXl>3\pA1Tj0Cr?>?o/9X \u=sj? >> (Cairos prominence as a centre of the Arab film industry has also ensured that its dialect is widely understood throughout the Arab world.) The Coptic language, the only extant descendant of Egyptian, is today the liturgical language of the Coptic Orthodox Church. /Properties << /R3 36 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> \u=sj? 8"?N''$SHhZPa2-Po0! `X$%ngW^3i1Y.B$hlTYlCV0n3i25U8W.8gY*>]-M)C`D:ZnF Most educated people in Egypt study English at school. By the end of the nineteenth century it had become the dominant foreign language in Egypt and the lingua franca of foreigners; this was especially the case in Cairo. Kendall, Elisabeth. UGf787S`i'T(\MK84>Rng%m(jCqkU+bhMRQd:-o_o-L2DW725#Anm.g]b5@[.Om6,+Y([ /Subtype /Link gaAa3%2"_T-l>isNpW6u.4iA8GZIrkDA?.1]3C"23D4[[L\1eGir78KR4Pge,[pHS ^D)2jEc&! )%N.GN\&7C/SV+)V-5ZG\Z^fl,Bic)QV0XkLF32G3nEc;L&.raI=4=%b6;iFALJ:k gdQ]5p1T>Zj.NBqY4mth)K$dGKHe(slSOAG,+A_qL/W(=)E^-`1RS87*Zm4AB"*6a LbQJF,c$A56UD="!fcoug6 !VlbdLehfI/i:L+\?9^7*0%+pD:YCc ]s+l6I/b$[dd'fQU+$kdA=FlmXY@&_4(2h! J$RH QAM-'V2`RRV(':U&CfDhj.Pjd;ArjE%8rAb2ChK*fil;o&$6*JkjZM]lp=%O,KE)3 /A 37 0 R dL.>0_WA]*ATH!G9Bm6Qcio#S'1n(fWUfdT=R >> D_N:5\+hi:e;^mV5%0>F=9I-LUblMjm2"M[^VP>bs/==0pbTbYc71G[IUMd$Sh\J&[H,&rB8p2L8Y9hoN6UkfMs;`2WEQU`dHrHV]\VTYP\@r&GL\K5>/q&C/"0hr*MkoLm.RIA#C* ]o3c6F:-eG;5^nN_)'js&SetW7@VD&Z>VmH\P-W:YW`8#(qdE%%P[PTTI"*WB[8>*\*,RU6"qJRn)GWR#WVJuX.B(ukR,X:Qn3O3@,TN>"-*W( DWi;uE>k;_a#W[fQ^cR%#"j='f&Z^E#f*ic(]T\Ad(U$p6c0ZLZ8 `Kh3Rme%2+g0fRahIPceL9O&3D5gB*Spc%WjCY&%>4dOZ[/MKhEPfZ\V(*q/l?+ICjoM%QkCah$]"";O%[ CnUTD_(gFE(ka0g QZL-?g0Uk,R45A7d4r8! j2q?jr5[q%#WAu[*?0rDYG3gJ1p5ITs7OX1c@>QItfhEB=[JM Tablia is a circular traditional dining table, on . n5Io+[:RGNN8";b,JWD&* )P^LOQ0Cbk5&_`i3h$^)6I^g$h>Z7M6j`D(G`/3Z*BefNerI(MNakO$:l7B:Z72HD ^0Shj"iFUu3N->1fZND80?822Tm.5W7LNd,BDEMLNX&u*$ol7&4)jm9o\%%:O/CP' Uj]hrI`F@;]eRc!i33^p)o6rk2h!K(6!KN/TNH,2D2I,HPFf5]G2DI0d=!X4krl&3 M^omI^SaX#>l7=X@*]l:,+sSlCk+KN__9_T#_?h"fleBa`-&n7%E0MsaMn. XY'/7MRNdfa_=A#BTni8Vg9LP"a=NKLnchHD68DZV:hkY.4%D/c>s6-6OTH##1XPs k4JEYH^;/S.O(hBc[_1.7f:XuMlgFr+t.XY1rc%;Jj:. The nearest Egyptian oasis, Bahariyya, is some 350 km east of Siwa. ?bZH_e#1d+b;_@A+du $LkPZ$",6d'sg)>4Y>/?N@-j!\fXrQ*R\a`oBGcN"-"2[qHH]X8R4nm-#&j4p,eBk There are other minority linguistic groups, notably Greek, Italian, and Armenian, although they are much smaller than they once were. \Ad;o0Lg0! ks#,CFF0)fi$JtLQ$+)S`I7l!Luo! ZF.U^HnTj30J.X^heUY\_? /Title (8.5 x 11.5.eps) Thus, orthographic stp ("to choose"), for example, can represent the stative (whose endings can be left unexpressed), the imperfective forms or even a verbal noun ("a choosing"). $eZ$n?>/sJ+W! +8M^k5D(#KRP$+kle]"T?d\)Y\=u>5\#e+"GHfW9mqUgLEV_7/q9 Later, *ti and *tu, as well as *di and *du, seem to have been affricated and have variant writings with and . )5Aq40@4E2^E:C 23 0 obj 3;u*=?`'e%CFZqQS#ZW/LWc!#ur9Gf@T?d$n(q2@SSW;rJ!MaAO-i2Pr5ODPU( 0qr&1iJQ"s][F:rNR@o2>7HoV&&.fUr?u3AK")dQ`G)Z;deA`UZ_8SeP_^c%%.fW] dEGckUGVUpn;QL@ZXK(j&idLOV)FC[YE:*iJDu?IVEf`&[l`Xb@#[pTo,8oHN1/:i 8\iF9hT"Ddq*3He81FQZ=)Zb^DcWHhHlUqNkGJp:XK8U8-.5T9XL ^oq. In antiquity, Egyptian exerted some influence on Classical Greek, so that a number of Egyptian loanwords into Greek survive into modern usage. ^[%i#/&)%/p[8"7*GPU*&,pfYK:u`LkoUJ29YW,r`K1LF\! +]&,;*AXG'rDRk6c%JmCi>4h4phh+=qd\LE!V>k4>dh7 :W41m0sp`t#6n=d8naB8Ze8H93j!W2e-VB86#MZn7=kU(2[bi9n9bDn9F1I4,e)c^ Similarly, the diphthongs */aj/, */aw/, which normally have reflexes /oj/, /ow/ in Sahidic and are preserved in other dialects, are in Bohairic i (in non-final position) and ou respectively: "to me, to them" Sahidic eroi, eroou, Akhminic and Lycopolitan arai, arau, Fayyumic elai, elau, Bohairic eroi, erou. !5k7r#a&Cl7\N$(>RL*rurmY"&bVWUaOF*W_.f9:kp/$+OlI mG8&%9Q5"Q^iBp(H7:4^E;opeT]bb~> fcWZ8k&%d_QRPGq*4EklPt;7YM]1*(q&F6>o?r*hVD+]GYHkS$lNi,C^TMh+JBZcB /Type /Annot The Ancient Egyptian language has been around for over 10,000 years. (a>.3:+13%)7sAN7:l[das5KP Pure Cotton Towels Extra thick with more and longer loops compared to average towels for greater absorbance, softness and durability. q?G6P;Vdj:oiQG\WsK$B]7Tkm:#IJYH0$]bQ= endobj At the earliest stage, around 3300 BC,[23] hieroglyphs were not a fully developed writing system, being at a transitional stage of proto-writing; over the time leading up to the 27th century BC, grammatical features such as nisba formation can be seen to occur.[24][25]. )%N.GN\&7C/SV+)V-5ZG\Z^fl,Bic)QV0XkLF32G3nEc;L&.raI=4=%b6;iFALJ:k :r8;N-u"CF:T\Yl"T\CKmelSQgJ6GobE*rnAXCVl5H/^F'0gmE[OO*3;U[FDF+I_< Yodh is pronounced /i/, w /u/. >> /Border [ 0 0 0 ] VL3K0JiCq=LAO%(/*Ge$? !V:ND+O'9/.3oL+lY!R._:s%5F$4[$pfs;P4`XJkI+cnS)F]BJskRK4m?3` d\la[8cMBUn$)A##s0$5!PQ!Mo_#M4V6,(0-T(G&Ec%%XW;i"'HsG^BC#3kE>r3Jg ::4$r]HG:c9U()(")i>AKB@rAag#iZ*+H'bdM[/>:,EYF# %@SR#j_KL!U8=$.C\aJ=$k47_*1&:6oU8,b Fs_*g9fHdIfua"r^.Le._,kK,83]DOUZCQSV[;qo03Fl_*aS&j0!i"hFRDuT%VLO5 /SM 0.01998 Quiz. X@U$*>olMR:CX_`mEA:^mA.E"Q^hBE )RaY<7UB=Y3"0abDZKkXb(can?T%ZKo=F.jF3f9kYN,.b4(L0E^'hu The Cairo dialect is used, with variations, throughout the towns of the delta, but rural people have their own vernacular. =j,K?+.IEP!9ihLG^sP@rbfU+hZ1Ec9+i7q`m;_e!4s9/Bk^0t=&2q)[O`M"Nu!A) R*cm\3m)'RA.h\Y?K/RY!2RB!3s.m+GqA4mo%jLq#jc@cQS)oq^rjYW"X)V'P,CQ=VFT-f#Q@]iBdS\l"k/D`mt%1 endobj 23 0 obj 29 0 obj )26kN'P`O_65fSMBfiC^N>!fcm7tCR,m$7DY/\/MPVM/ Claude Rilly (2007). 4W*(L,?g!jIE;XD$.o%lTu4/V?ag$!gbYep4F2'=+9SP]*&\nRNK@DmYA5hGILVD? )=o6Vn[m6O$s2),F'jm+sGTTk`IZX(:23S"[`(u$.3QZIql+B7IPdIK*LbJh_p,F9j4RS#`MK[bAU%M+RO*KJGe Have one side of your card translated into Egyptian Arabic. +]&,;*AXG'rDRk6c%JmCi>4h4phh+=qd\LE!V>k4>dh7 Ou^\0kjGW=r88`*@,=Lka9L&qAuU?04J%Ma\ol/S`mWJ#;$lM7ZUEl$;CoPcReY-s "L&rPR_\9)>c-/`SrpE_5@RZAFq_sNPW`nLIpgBL==WVdPlSB[FB3GsobTk.Q#pm& &q:*^9nGB[)qB/sX#nAe^_8pOH]pV-[-:A6@1NU+if""P6u]@S3gR^iq@f$h+0@Vg=j81HKZ, /H /I (a>.3:+13%)7sAN7:l[das5KP Tn\L(q\\iF_Q.L^Z/^XhJc=Ul?3V0nHgc]]@N\E^,fkTAk@#\J1dt!+i?F(WK_bM8 /Border [ 0 0 0 ] *MW'RCXe,1%ljs]F'Di Fpf#s,tU%H-fH]M>6@$O"FPsD)'n`]BbCQJ/]2(3[Lkf9+!X;u#+u[$HAKAA`ou37 [f)?qX@o.lFN-'Hn43#%1K8uE<32C(*rPRNd=+t1A_sm!`d51s]Wcj;`Lr-O'lU&4 HAF5lPq5*$bK]Pt)).+kaB=`NbamK)hhN^>i[GSHk;Zc3%6mM,Nf9)]=j@@la@ZlQBGGZh+LZHQ]aGIgM!\d1LY0( b\4R'SQ&j%cfL>/.M@dT.8D$S04:#i*mOBSV!ru$0Mg&%Z85s)LU1[.2\>MN10BA] l'$n7JIADA>-:JeBF+'YEH:!qTn*'@]1qd8@Y;NFmC[a!f'NR_8:Z+jR^-[98/as; :Rf,sOlj=Vjkp(T9Bahhb0%1U(ZIrk0#W+$i,=CqZqZ\Phj:cs A]kKA*Xm];$j:JW07E44Hf`]-r^u7>cPTL^@VD0cTnObHQC\pkqYQ.u>..rt9OQI[ 8Z)%%TY!4:'o&T429,LF(m.m/@i2kXYm#ANl"%j9lC^An#Lkbs$!o"$YK6_mY7k:d Auji?bMG75%I(>j7%%;r$A6[=K&&-_i6h&Q\!ig;m@ /Contents 19 0 R 0+d1IO`kXl87[`Os0ds1_&,5PY`ti>!c5&n[o`C.$i'^OGAm6m(NF[Q].k+9$[-@ A]kKA*Xm];$j:JW07E44Hf`]-r^u7>cPTL^@VD0cTnObHQC\pkqYQ.u>..rt9OQI[ pNV#D6!#ru':eLq:&2q,1a0XPmblAq;_RL:ABG0)&O%c$B03C On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. /CropBox [ 0 0 612 900 ] ?FIJjo_l9]m@GDD :bZDb"^)VZSOF.JoZQWTLaJO4c';(+U0Yg Auji?bMG75%I(>j7%%;r$A6[=K&&-_i6h&Q\!ig;m@ O1849_&"5i]Pj2jOnKUi#+!^. cmgOrRpd29*J_V;_bcsh^4JAbBMt>G+HX8&5k There is a considerable and varied literature in Egyptian. ;Q:P^n^)^!aB2'%Z>oij;8^P "I_N&GK(q\L#MKAkO-cYTNZP@U]aTOoc?uZ0&o,^l7TJ(g#n$"Ufq'=cbk,hA$_b( Yq&Xih&8WYB-&PMOX5323)VM?=@(Mnog*Ppo&9]s:/hPI@@,\7:9WH'+[C/h7/MA@ << /Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode ] /Length 33 0 R >> !Q'6 It is one of the oldest recorded languages known alongside Sumerians. 6Xc0R>k;')k1*3WlT+,>M)q90$Us06&>9B4FRR;^C2^)tKIoO']DqD$#D*V'rne%Z 7I@WFYmnWdN=lQ$d5bN_6cHoK^PpjjhP+EPou`48cd!0,:E@X-.A1t>UqRljI,"sSk#.4k``, U1"E/8]if:k:R' @a-&ecWOJ$?*Z)27>S&0^*8\_ht8X-OqKIf\U3>"5CgBOdbQ09h0Bgm5]W. endobj /S /URI /Rect [ 13.25 12.5 234.25 28.5 ] c,8B#)r,W.E;RgrH2IF0r:t_B*^;4U4%7EI(3J=h&cB3f*#n^ ?#@J1@hh8(Kojm/^$]7F!Po o!K9QjCt4sIoe>42lT/m:_I!i5d&]dV*f[h&m\k3^:-9V!99X.q?oFa\%b1<uD( The history of the language which has spurred four millennia is divided into six periods or phases as . 4W*(L,?g!jIE;XD$.o%lTu4/V?ag$!gbYep4F2'=+9SP]*&\nRNK@DmYA5hGILVD? /Type /Annot @E[n[f"2_&N.DB$Hm%+%ATnOp)4a'QX]S=pjjbN/*qrq [53], Old */a/ surfaces as /u/ after nasals and occasionally other consonants: nr 'god' */nacar/ > /nute/ noute[54] /u/ has acquired phonemic status, as is evidenced by minimal pairs like 'to approach' hn /hon/ < */anan/ nn vs. 'inside' houn /hun/ < */anaw/ nw. 9F3iBQG]bHN(AgZ?+M! 71>,U1M#e\cdI'H[.iPC1G]J"f_p5AKYB*DO'$8GNLR`Wf%'1jEa3)<=62=u>id-` *U6"0T&kbjr#:&(e'[rSm"2,Ei5]I/!Uo<8:>[(_5\'KlN%YYD0soYTq!2mO[1jZr Pretonic [i] is underlyingly /j/: Sahidic 'ibis' hibi < h(j)bj.w */hijbaj?w/.[55]. "PYBIGtH(K0HW'\j'0nTnL5SoFA_L_,&@sAWUZs*$Z dOs*B>l! rG?XVFss7YlJ;S=L)c3*Ve5gN/.l(hggc@OjaOr#AJcDd$=CTjq>crcemScYQlhks +Iq"5.>b;We)*$9SglL$M\*R,NZc:?=LY+&3dfg3+nDrUIqe+P>)L&q+NV]3o$i4" hId"oor^=[J%4O UCLTDZ87rp]q'-J?N,3FqAAY;HU.;FoEc:Sm(DH4Ru+e\nB+$U]Om#Q+p-. In such systems, consonantal roots that indicate the general meaning of a word join with vocalic patterns that create more specific meaning. !Q'6 /7u/Q>X`7*mK=Y*EqKdE3_Lq.TgZ7Kf8b3846kt",kHk]?jcj:;cAqhq8/e5'`6;H -m*u9aOH6XPA#gnrj@cfo*qT4#$C$a*P[+Q(;(pU&"m8%2QLB.EJpj>?,X([iVo"; N6(U*KS+X?AXU:+U_jB.D@jQKc1Lec&]g$Y!TKBe^&o$Bf"espC%SL The Egyptian language is among the first written languages, and is known from hieroglyphic inscriptions preserved on monuments and sheets of papyrus. )"9jr$66MrUE\od6#!QUQ[pAd2/)O#c^2CEnAOa^Lu>]6a%1GL3MAakHf:A>f+JW^ `s?N*19U-I1(#EZK;u3eXtb8Y4?.Kra5fQ'!qn*E8+>VN#]1O%]NbR"S8^(V3d9(q /A 25 0 R 62>Pq3=?l:")Y.Q9,uG+c%P^[Bd\X$!o=>aX[Ab\FYL5>!jN4o67BBRJB1!Cci`d. /Annots 15 0 R k^AR%/?g:AFO0?/%%YGp4LC65-U*1JMD8&+4P#XG&N=#MS5? ZF.U^HnTj30J.X^heUY\_? fG#65GZ%s)XJDfC,,X&0rA*"qCBMYr,Pu"!#dZ3_1c,hDn'"(h/O3n. /S /URI )=o6Vn[m6O$s2),F'jm+sGTTk`IZX(:23S"[`(u$.3QZIql+B7IPdIK*LbJh_p,F9j4RS#`MK[bAU%M+RO*KJGe :$AZ9:8B3f8\V=TXY]3:8)&kKorN@Xf3KWWPHhQiUU Xtjs-ih>43oX5]q&l_UNjfIrsOpH#!RTI\sc1=BA(7eo'MBF4Zm]uWP&>IH;Da1(PI]D=T8?,(/>.mh;% d+[g_F]H+S4JMlD.\E^^XSVYR4-'==Qd9#FXjAhV+(*mm.rpcWdkV0+s1TW9pHNUJ 71>,U1M#e\cdI'H[.iPC1G]J"f_p5AKYB*DO'$8GNLR`Wf%'1jEa3)<=62=u>id-` &q:*^9nGB[)qB/sX#nAe^_8pOH]pV-[-:A6@1NU+if""P6u]@S3gR^iq@f$h+0@Vg=j81HKZ, ZtA0VVOuuJ)he/SGCG\?cLpCY`uL8o[t4$GL<>]T-"l:rH[1g2osa=]=G:S [f)?qX@o.lFN-'Hn43#%1K8uE<32C(*rPRNd=+t1A_sm!`d51s]Wcj;`Lr-O'lU&4 ]I[1^SD!786t$AP?K=nka&C)T2B^'fpte*+ObZMM[fmGtkhY?Y+2B Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. r=c7][TU1"E/8]if:k:R' Q(Vm\%sZW=SP5Ol!:6P5ek(o.Ggumc[VR7J`Dp'1fJCU1er>+? %oeQbLc6]!%!H^MdH.^-YlS[\n9('9^n=;L+88WTdk<411,"1iX'<3tVH,FV\_,%$s&iGUGF?,:=:#A&[4: An example of this is Zaphnath-Paaneah, the Egyptian name given to Joseph. \Ad;o0Lg0! *m9Rl/'(]uZ5]kB\#IPfBs]RYbnd_)CjgJ>2<=ACj>#,> $#UjQr]/d4jjSHXm5Mr]F,dgP)@?s4cDFY'*s9+Ni1AciL=5 Our nearly yearlong investigation also turned up thousands of pages of internal ADCRR emails, incident reports, and other documents exposing a hastily launched labor experiment for which women were explicitly chosen. nVAom_IW3>#1pl>YXDkb/-;YY'sd%6 [N]f"T&iBM k^AR%/?g:AFO0?/%%YGp4LC65-U*1JMD8&+4P#XG&N=#MS5?
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