The fighting is tinged by ethnic tensions as many Taliban leaders and cadres are ethnic Pashtuns. The main protagonist of the book Kite Runner, Amir, experiences the detachment from understanding why he feels like a tourist in his own country. What is the difference between Hazara and Pashtun in The Kite Runner? They are Islam and mostly speak Dari as well as Pashtu, Turkic, and Baluchi. A Hazara is one of two Ethnic groups in Afghanistan. Interviews with several Ghazni residents established that under such an understanding the Taliban allowed schools, other government institutions, services, and projects to function unhindered in Hazara communities while preventing them from operating in Pashtun-populated regions. Despite ample rhetoric on the need to protect religious minorities, regional players have also not stepped in to help the Hazara people. Those living in rural areas were denied public services. Image Courtesy: hazara.net, en.wikipedia.org. Although Afghanistan is no longer under Taliban rule, growing insecurity has unsettled many. What kind of religion are the Hazaras of Afghanistan? Hasan also is not educated like Amir, and neither Amir nor Hassan question that. . Growing up, I experienced this with my best friend Zainab. As a Muslim, I think The Kite Runner accurately describes the divide among the religion of Islam. When the post-Taliban governance of Afghanistan was being set up at the Bonn Conference of 2001, Hazaras were estimated to make up 19 percent of the countrys population. Concentrated in the mountainous central region of Afghanistan. The Hazara people are mainly comprised of Shi'a Muslims, with small minority (5%) of Sunni Muslims. The 25-year-old and her family were one of hundreds of Hazara families forcibly evicted from . In recent weeks, Hazaras travelling in civilian vehicles have been abducted and executed by Taliban fighters. This is an important theme throughout the novel as it will drastically affect the relation between Amir and Hassan because one is a Pashtun and one is . For centuries, the stone sentinels stood watch over the Silk Road. He does this by developing universal themes which demonstrate that Afghans and Americans. The Hazara were largely autonomous until the 1890s. What are the main differences between the Pashtuns and Hazaras? In 1993, President Burhanuddin Rabbani, worried by the positions that Hazara armed groups had taken in Kabuls Shia-majority areas, decided to launch an offensive against them. For nearly 18 years, Afghanistans hard-line Islamist Taliban movement largely refrained from attacking the countrys predominately Shiite Hazara minority. They have historically held a higher social status and have been more influential in politics and society. He waged a brutal war against the community, which resulted in bloody "massacres, looting and pillaging of homes, enslavement" and the transfer of Hazara . In August of the same year, Taliban fighters captured Mazar-e Sharif, a city in northern Afghanistan, going on a rampage targeting Tajiks, Uzbeks and particularly,Hazaras. The Hazaras were though of as servants or less than most during this time in Afghanistan. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. In the novel ,The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, the main character Amir is a coward. The 2004 Afghanistan Constitution ( PDF ) granted Hazaras equal rights, and they were well-represented in the administration of former Afghan President Hamid Karzai. Significant communities of Hazara also exist in Iran and Baluchistan (Pakistan). Even in America, Amir tries to bury his past, but he is always reminded of it. Many are even foreigners and not Afghan.. 5, no. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The US-led invasion of Afghanistan, which toppled the Taliban regime, brought new hopes for the Hazara people. They dirty our blood. The inclusive language at the beginning of the quote is aimed at the Pashtuns whereas the negative connotations of pollute and dirty emphasise the subservient position of the Hazaras in the Afghani society and thus losing their sense of placement within society. Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites. Nazar Muhammad Mutmaeen, a Kabul-based former Taliban official, says both the Taliban and Hazara community -- which is spread over several provinces in central Afghanistan -- largely respected an understanding that required them to keep out of each others affairs. Aj, Prevent & Address Internal White Tissue in Tomatoes | How to Maximize Potassium Uptake and Reduce Fungal Diseases, Tomatoes are a popular and nutritious vegetable that can be grown in gardens around the world. Since then the Hazara have faced significant marginalization, persecution, and displacement, perhaps most zealously by the Taliban in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Unfortunately, the website appears to be down and it is unclear if this is temporary or permanent. (LogOut/ The violence that stems from discrimination is seen throughout the book. Afghan authorities say the recent fighting has forced more than 1,000 Hazara families to seek shelter in the city of Ghazni, the capital of the province with the same name. Where does the majority of the Hazara population live? The insurgents have also taken visible steps to ease Hazara fears that the hard-line Islamist movement has an anti-Shiite agenda. The Taliban, just because they believe they are a higher class then Hazara, kill Hassan like it was routine. Their Asiatic features and language a dialect of Persian set them apart from other Afghans, including the predominant ethnic Pashtun. Because of the contrasting history of the two groups, their responses to the Taliban's takeover of Kabul were complete opposites. In March, Hazaras held a protest in Kabul against the governments decision to move a proposed power line project out of Bamiyan, arguing that the decision was yet another form of ethnic discrimination. One of the major differences between them is that they both generally follow different branches of Islam and thus their fundamental principles are different. Pashtuns and Hazaras differ in terms of religious beliefs, cultural practices, social status, and physical appearances. In The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini uses these intense conflicts to develop characters relationships and forces the reader to consider how the main characters loss of innocence stems from a need of approval and ethnic and religious discrimination. Hazaras believe in the superstitions that are common in the country. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. However, sometimes when sliced open, white rings can appear in the flesh, a disorder known as "internal white tissue." The Hazara speak an eastern variety of Persian called Hazaragi with many Mongolian and Turkic words. Most of them are Shii Muslims of the Twelver faith, although some are Ismal or Sunni. Amirs self image at the beginning of the novel is one in which he views himself as a coward, worthless and selfish. If we are united no one would dare to break us. similarities between pashtuns and hazaras. Footnote 14 Their way of interacting has some similarities with friendship, even if the terms dust, yar or rafiq . Therefore, if there was no conflict between the Hazara and Pashtun people, Hassan could have still been living today, alongside his brother Amir! Due to the persecution of the Hazara people in Afghanistan and Pakistan, in 2012 he sought asylum by boat in Australia. Amir is a Pashtun, with a higher status and his servant , Hassan, is a Hazara. Also the two groups have different ethnic cultures as well as speak different languages. 5 Whats the difference between a Pashtun and an Afghan? The Pashtun dancers But Uzbeks, Turkmens, Kyrghyz etc. As every year around this time, violent clashes have erupted between local Hazaras and incoming Pashtun Kuchis in the pastures of Eastern Hazajarat. In some cases, the Hazaras even militarily supported the Taliban, but they faced Taliban attacks after they backtracked from such agreements, he said. No your are wrong most of the hazars are Shia not Sunni. Hazaras have been systematically discriminated against by Pashtuns and others during the Afghan pre-war periods, says Thomas Ruttig, co-director of the Afghanistan Analysts Network. In the novel, Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, the protagonist, Amir, is torn between two truths as he lived associated with different kinds of religious groups in Afghan society: Pashtuns and Hazaras. June 3, 2022 . On the other hand, the Hazara are a minority group, comprising . the real subcontient and desis of Pakistan are my fellow Punjabi and Sindhi country men. A history of atrocities against the Hazaras As one of the largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan, the Hazara people have endured various forms of oppression from Pashtun rulers and governments,. 2020 marks both the International Year of the Nurse and Florence Nightingale's 200th birthday, making it the perfect time to recognize and celebrate the brave and selfless nurses all over the world. This has resulted in their systemic lack of political power and influence in a Sunni Muslim . Few major differences have been mentioned in the table:-. Parehan-u-tunban, similar to pajamas. Pashtuns and Hazaras differ in terms of religious beliefs, cultural practices, social status, and physical appearances. Sociological approach and theories on racism and racial discrimination are used in this study. They generally reside in Southeastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. Amin says that as a mark of the Talibans anger, the insurgents first burned the house of a local commander he identified as Bashi. They generally reside in Southeastern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. Since the Pashtuns are in control, the Hazaras don't get much space in the official history of . During the countrys civil war and subsequent Taliban rule during the 1990s, the Taliban declared war on the Hazara. The discrimination of Hassan causes violence as he gets raped solely because he was a Hazara. In the novel The Kite Runner, the protagonist, Amir, is a young boy growing up in a well off family in Kabul, Afghanistan. Even though Amir and Hassan have grown up together in the novel, there is a noticeable difference between them. While many Hazaras fled to Shia Iran, those who remained risked violence and even death. Despite being one of the principal population elements of Afghanistan, the origins of the Hazara people have not been fully reconstructed. Women wear bright colours and of lighter weights. Over the years, people, not only in Afghanistan, but around the world create norms that define peoples roles in life, their future, and how they should be treated based on their gender and beliefs. This shows that all Pashtuns are Johnson 6 not bad and that some even fall in love with Hazaras. Comparatively, The kite runner, explores the disparity created by differences in cultural backgrounds. What is the relationship between the Pashtuns and Hazaras? There has never been any written or unwritten agreement or understanding between the Taliban and the Hazaras, he told Radio Free Afghanistan. Similar to the difference between Americans and Afghans:) Dari, Hazara and Pashtun speaking Afghans are closer to the Westerners than Turks in terms of linguistic kinhip/relativity, they speak variants of Indo-Europeas language family. Pashtuns (also spelled as Pushtun, Pakhtun, Pashtoon, Pathan) form Afghanistans largest ethnic group. Hazaras are genetically different than Pashtuns & Tajiks and generally have Mongolic looks which is closer to Turkmen & Uzbeks. The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, although fiction, engages and allows the reader to have an inside view on the Afghani religion and culture. In Afghanistan, Hazarasthe ethnic minorityhave experienced ethnic discrimination by Pashtunsthe ethnic majoritybecause of a revolt dating back to the 18th century.Another form of discrimination in Afghanistan arises from the distinct religious groupsShiite and Sunni Muslims. Whether the Buddhas should and can be rebuilt remains contested. Baba adopted Hassan when he was a baby and he became their servant. Tajiks to Tajikistan, Uzbeks to Uzbekistan, and Hazaras to goristan [graveyard], was themantraof the Taliban at the time. They are Shia, mostly of theTwelversect, whilesomeareIsmaili and Sunni. The Taliban leadership may have moderated its rhetoric to please the international community, claiming that it will protect all ethnic groups, but it has done nothing to stem the growing number of crimes being committed by its fighters. Al Jazeera Centre for Public Liberties & Human Rights. With so many varieties available, it can be hard to decide which one is best for your climate and taste preferences. Thats not right, the large group that lives in afghanistan (kabul) they are soennie muslims. Storytelling is a traditional Hazara habit. Over the many years as a result of political unrest in Afghanistan some Hazaras have migrated to Iran. The Pashtuns make up over 40 percent of the population . Afghanistan is a multiethnic society consisting of a wide variety of ethno linguistic groups. Abubakar Siddique, a journalist for RFE/RL's Radio Azadi, specializes in the coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan. In The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini shows that an individual's social status affects their future through the way Hazaras are treated in Afghanistan. Hazaras make up 20% of the Afghanistan population. The novels plot centres around interactions between Amir and his friend Hassan along with the struggles they face in their lives. I am Hezara in Islam there is no Shia Sunni? Home; About Us. True Muslim speak truth. Though, one can easily identify their ethnic group by their looks and appearance they possess. Paul Kane High School - English 30-1 - Kite Runner, Pashtun and Hazara are two words that are use a fair amount in the novel. Mohammad Amin, a resident of Ghazni, agrees with Mutmaeen and says the fighting was prompted by the breakdown of the unwritten truce. The conflict between the Hazara and the Pashtun people is the whole reason this book is even a book! The tragedy brought thousands on to the streets of Kabul to protest against the increasing violence towards Hazaras. In the capital, Kabul, Hazaras have suffered repeated violence. Pashtuns are the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan, comprising nearly half of the countrys estimated 30 million people, while Hazaras make up some 10 percent of the population and have been persecuted historically. The result of this study shows that racial discrimination in The Kite Runner is caused by social structural factors and social psychological factors. They bear Asian features and thus are easy to identify among other Afghanistan people. In The Kite Runner, it not only causes some bad impacts to Hassan's psychological health but also causes a plan to commit the genocide, slavery, and oppression act toward the Hazaras. Amirs closest friend is Hassan, the son of his familys beloved servant. There is a serious conflict between these two groups which started shortly after the founding of Afghanistan in 1747. Difference Between | Descriptive Analysis and Comparisons, Counterintelligence Investigation vs Criminal Investigation. Hazaras and Pushtons are two different ethnic groups of Afghanistan. Over the following decades, Hazarascontinuedto face repression, discrimination and socio-economic marginalisation. Intense shelling, arbitrary killings of civilians and targeting of Hazara men resulted inhundreds killedand forcibly disappeared. Due to Hassan being a Hazara, Baba avoids social embarrassment by not exposing the truth of Hassan being his son. To make matters confusing, though, Pashtuns are Sunni Muslims and Hazaras are Shi'a Muslims. In the aftermath of the withdrawal of international troops from Afghanistan, violence against the Hazara population has escalated. Dari, a form of Persian, also called Khorasani Persian. In The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, the act of discrimination is portrayed throughout the novel and is the cause of many of the main events that occur in the novel. Some beliefs include the evil eye, ghosts, and several other superstitions about animals and nighttime. This idea explains the main injustice that Hosseini presents the reader, conflicts between the religion of the Hazaras and Pashtuns. Like Abdur Rahman Khan, the Taliban is mostly Pashtun people and does not tolerate Hazara people. They are therefore regrded as a separate ethnic group in Afghanistan. Other reason why the Hazaras have been discriminated by Pashtun is their appearance that look like Chinese people. This connection manifests in the relationship between Amir and Hassan, though Amir is true to Hassan in private, he feels the need to relate to Hassan according to the prevailing social hierarchy in public. Taliban fighters forced over 4,000 Hazaras from their homes, claiming they had no ownership over their land, leaving them stranded without food or shelter as harsh winter approaches. Difference Between Pashtun And Hazara. The main character of the book is Amir, who is also the narrator of the story. The relationship between Pashtuns and Punjabis in Pakistan is different from and yet comparable to the relationship between Hazaras and Pashtuns in Afghanistan. Hassan, a hare-lipped Hazara boy in the novel, feels the pain and torture of simply being who he was and endures the hardships of his ethnicity, but yet he never complains or wishes to change who he is, symbolizing his bravery. Theyre very similar in most ways, but just like Catholics and Protestants, they consider their comparatively small differences to be very important. As the Taliban gained large swathes of rural territories in recent years, they have postured as a national movement capable of replacing the current Afghan government. Thenewly appointedUnited Nations special rapporteur on Afghanistan must immediately investigate the systematic attacks and forced displacement of Hazaras to ensure those responsible are identified and held to account. Hazara, also spelled azra, ethnolinguistic group originally from the mountainous region of central Afghanistan, known as Hazrajt. long live Afghanistan. Women wear baggy black or coloured trousers, a long shirt and a length to cotton to cover the head. In Mazar-e-Sharif, a local Taliban court decided to expel some 2,000 families, again based on false claims that they do not own their homes. "They [IS] were attempting to pave the way for an ethnic war between Afghan ethnic groups, which prompted the Taliban to intervene.". The Hazaras are also seen as the weakest and poorest race in Afghanistan, so that they are easily subjected to be killed, insulted, and tortured by Pashtuns. Hazaras and Pushtons are two different ethnic groups of Afghanistan. Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire in the early 16th century, records the name "Hazara" in Baburnama, and he has mentioned "Hazara" as "Turkoman Hazaras" several times. The most recent figures on the ethnic affiliations come from a survey conducted by the Asia Foundation in 2014. While the Hazaras are primarily Shia Muslims, most Afghans follow the Sunni branch of Islam. Hazaras afterwards Pushtons are two another national groups of Afghanistan. In reality Amir is Hassans owner. Hello Zendabode! There are different schools of thought, says Ruttig. Over a century we have been divided by our enemies (divide and role) and look where we are? Hazara youth were quick to embrace all forms of education and emerged at the forefront of social change initiatives, while Hazara women pushed for womens emancipation. June 22, 2022 . Gandhara Newsletter Snippet for Regions-GR-1868. Change). Whats the difference between the Pashtuns and the Hazaras? Parts of central Afghanistan, like Bamiyan, the unofficial Hazara capital, are among the countrys poorest, often lacking basic facilities and electricity. After the withdrawal of Soviet troops in 1989, Afghanistan descended into civil war between various armed groups. However, the vast majority of Hazara follow the Shi'a sect (twelver Imami). Why Are The Taliban Attacking Hazaras In Afghanistan? Hassan, who Amir is acquainted with since birth, is a fiercely loyal Hazara. Hazara activists say the government does not protect the interests of the Hazaras. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Taliban killed and targeted many of the Hazara people during their reign in Afghanistan. They feel they should still be servants and labourers., READ MORE: Desperate journeys persecuted Hazara flee Afghanistan. Amir becomes very jealous of him and then becomes a coward. Pashtun as the majority race and ethnic in Afghanistan is Sunni Moslem while Hazara is Shi'a. Key Difference: Hazaras are members of an Afghan ethnic minority group, whereas the Pashtuns are a united group of tribes composing the largest ethnic group of Afghanistan. Members of Hazara minority from Malistan and Jaghuri districts of restive Ghazni province arrive in the provincial capital Ghazni to take refuge on November 12. A Pashtun is the other ethnic group in Afghanistan, and this is also the largest ethnic group in Afghanistan. They live in fortified villages of flat-roofed houses of stone or mud built wall-to-wall around a central courtyard, overlooking the narrow valleys in which they cultivate rotating crops of barley, wheat, and legumes as well as various fruits and cucumbers. The main differences between the Pashtun's and the Hazara's is the Pashtun's are Sunni Muslim while Hazzara's are Shiite Muslims. I will never surrender.. The exact number of Hazara is unknownestimates vary wildlybut the total reckons confidently in the millions. The tw. Archetypes In The Kite Runner. Adult males wear turbans known as pagray. Despite their growing political clout, many Hazaras continue to feel discriminated against. Yet in the following years, the political space they were given in the country did not reflect the proportion of the population they constituted. Many people dont know that a divide even exists or are very ignorant when it comes to the religion and culture itself. If we look at Pashtun Afghans, they are more related to Persian people than Turks. He skimmed through a couple of pages, snickered, handed the book back. Other reason why the Hazaras have been discriminated by Pashtun is their appearance that look like Chinese people. The Hazaras have been persecuted by Pashtun leaders, civil warlords, the Taliban, ISIS and others due to their Shi'a Muslim beliefs. Amir is exposed to unkindness toward Hazaras throughout his childhood. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Pashtun and hazara similarities between christianity. Abubakar Siddique wrote this based on reporting by Radio Free Afghanistan correspondent Asmatullah Sarwan. Who are the Hazaras, one of Afghanistan's threatened minorities? Upon reading this quote, readers understand that the Pashtuns are the superior authority, treating the Hazaras like a plain servant in which they do all the chores and cleaning in the household. Hazara MPs boycott the parliament's sessions. similarities between pashtuns and hazaras. in Afghanistan are parts of Turkic world. Stereotypes are used all throughout the novel The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini. They are considered to be from herders community. Amir however, tries to learn more about the Hazaras by bringing his mothers book to school. This shows the hatred and disgust that the Sunni Muslims have for the Shia, and that the Sunni see the Shia as intruders that dont belong in Afghanistan. similarities between pashtuns and hazaras; kaiserredux american civil war. The international community must pressure the Taliban to guarantee the protection of the rights of the Hazara people, to ensure a genocide against them does not take place. She has a BA in International Relations and Human Rights, and is currently undertaking her Juris Doctor (Law) at Monash University Law School in Australia. After 2001, the Hazaras also continued to suffertargeted violenceat the hands of the Taliban and other armed groups. Since 2015, the emergence of the even more extreme Islamic State Khorasan Province (ISKP) unleashed an even deadlierwave of attackson the Hazara population, with suicide bombers targeting schools, mosques and even hospitals in Hazara neighbourhoods. Many people grouped us into the same category because we are both Muslim, sometimes even mixing up our names. Understanding the differences between these two groups helps you understand the relationships in the story. Lantern, vol. The Hazara people felt like their rights were being violated, so they fought back, unfortunately; more than 60% of the Hazara people were sold and killed while fighting for their rights. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. What's the difference between a Pashtun and an Afghan? Living primarily in the rugged highlands in the countrys centre, the Hazaras are one of Afghanistans largest ethnic minorities, accounting for up to 20 percent of Afghanistans 30 million inhabitants. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Pashtun as the majority race and ethnic in Afghanistan is Sunni Moslem while Hazara is Shia. While in power, Khan used the government to force all the people into the Kazarasjat Mountains. Hazaras live in the central mountains of Afghanistan. Khaled Hosseinis first novel, The Kite Runner, comments on the social conditions of Afghanistan through telling a story about the lives of two Muslim boys; a privileged Sunni Pashtun, Amir, and his long-time friend and servant, Hassan, a loyal but disadvantaged Shia Hazara. class="publication-detail-container cs-orange" The most common clothing is called perahan-u-tunban, which is similar to pajamas. You put a Pashtun next to a sindhi or us next to a tamil. Violence in the kite runner is one of the biggest factors that shapes Amirs life. He waged a brutal war against the community, which resulted in bloody massacres, looting and pillaging of homes, enslavement and the transfer of Hazara land to Pashtun tribes. The Pashtun are the dominant group in Afghanistan, comprising around 42% of the population. Abductions, extortions and violent killings by groups operating under the banner of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, also known as ISIS) continue to take place. similarities between pashtuns and hazaras. Updates? Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Afghanistan is the land of the Pashtunsnot the flat-nosed Hazaras, these people pollute our homeland. These experiences have led some to consider Hazaras to be one of themost persecuted people in the world. But in an interview with Voice Of America, Shujaee denied the abuses and participating in an ethnic war against Pashtuns but maintained that he defended himself and his community against the Taliban.
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